作者：Bing, X., Zhu, Y., Ma, H.,  et al.

Organic phosphorus (Po) plays a pivotal role in watershed biogeochemical cycling and lake eutrophication, but its potential as an indicator of Anthropocene stratigraphic change remains insufficiently understood. This study integrates carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses with 31P NMR spectroscopy of representative plants, soils, and sediment profiles to elucidate the compositional characteristics, depositional history, and anthropogenic linkages of Po in an alpine meadow lake (Yamdrok Lake, YH) and a temperate forest oligotrophic lake (Sihailongwan Lake, LW), and further compares these systems with Dianchi Lake (DC), a eutrophic lake in China. Sedimentary Po concentrations spanned 165.5-531.1 mg kg-1 (LW) and 34.1-87.4 mg kg-1 (YH), dominated by monoester phosphates (79.2 and 87.4 % of total Po, respectively). Terrestrial C3 vegetation drove Po accumulation in LW, particularly inositol phosphates, while authigenic and aquatic plant sources prevailed in YH. Oligotrophic sediments exhibited prolonged degradation half-lives of Po compounds (DNA phosphate: 88-170 yr; inositol phosphates: 130-179 yr), 4-5-fold longer than in hypereutrophic systems (e.g., DC), where algal-mediated internal phosphorus cycling sustains recurrent blooms. Critically, stratigraphic C/labile mono-P ratios emerged as a novel proxy, capturing century-scale anthropogenic perturbations (e.g., deforestation, urbanization) and aligning with Anthropocene demarcation criteria. These findings redefine sedimentary Po dynamics, highlighting its dual role as both a driver of eutrophication feedback and an archive of human-environment interactions in freshwater systems.

有机磷（Po）在流域生物地球化学循环和湖泊富营养化中起着关键作用，但其作为人类世地层变化指示剂的潜力尚未得到充分认识。本研究结合碳氮同位素分析与31P核磁共振波谱技术，对代表性植物、土壤和沉积物剖面进行分析，以阐明高山草甸湖（羊卓雍错,YH）和温带森林贫营养湖（四海龙湾湖,LW）中有机磷的组成特征、沉积历史及人为联系，并将这些系统与中国富营养化湖泊滇池（DC）进行对比。沉积有机磷浓度范围为165.5-531.1 mg/kg（LW)和34.1-87.4mg/kg(YH），主要以单酯磷酸盐为主（分别占总有机磷的79.2%和87.4%）。陆地C3植被推动了LW中有机磷的积累，尤其是肌醇磷酸盐，而 YH 中则以自生和水生植物来源为主。贫营养沉积物中有机磷化合物的降解半衰期较长（DNA 磷酸盐:88-170年；肌醇磷酸盐:130-179年），是超富营养化系统（如滇池）的4-5倍，在超富营养化系统中，藻类介导的内部磷循环维持着藻类的反复暴发。关键的是，地层碳/易变单磷比值成为一种新的替代指标，能够捕捉百年尺度的人为扰动（如森林砍伐、城市化），且与人类世的划分标准一致。这些发现重新定义了沉积有机磷的动态变化，凸显了其作为富营养化反馈驱动因素和淡水系统中人类-环境相互作用档案的双重角色。

（来源：Water Research   2026  DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.125091）